Vocative
Vocative is for calling or addressing someone by name or title.
How to spot vocative
Look for the clue first: you are speaking to the person, often in a greeting, request, or call.
| Clue | Pattern |
|---|---|
| Addressing someone | |
| name | PetrPetr Petře!Petr! |
| name | JanaJana Jano!Jana! |
| person | kamarádfriend kamaráde!friend! |
| title | pan NovákMr. Novák pane Nováku!Mr. Novák! |
| title | doktordoctor doktore!doctor! |
| family | maminkamom maminko!mom! |
| name ending -e | LucieLucie Lucie!Lucie! |
| Clue | Preposition | + | Base | Vocative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Addressing someone | |||||
| name | — | PetrPetr | Petře!Petr! | ||
| name | — | JanaJana | Jano!Jana! | ||
| person | — | kamarádfriend | kamaráde!friend! | ||
| title | — | pan NovákMr. Novák | pane Nováku!Mr. Novák! | ||
| title | — | doktordoctor | doktore!doctor! | ||
| family | — | maminkamom | maminko!mom! | ||
| name ending -e | — | LucieLucie | Lucie!Lucie! | ||